I.  Philosophy & Audience
A.  Focus
B.  Scope of the Collection
C. Responsibility
D. Controversial Material
E. Location of Library Material
F. Area Resources

II. Selection Criteria
A. Scope
B. Guidelines for Selectors

III. Specific Considerations
A. Collections or Services
B. Gifts
C. Removal of Materials

I.A. Focus
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The primary clients of the Library are students from diverse backgrounds currently enrolled at LCC. The needs of faculty preparing LCC instructional materials and information retrieval support for LCC employees' work-related needs receive consideration.

Materials for the Library are selected to serve its clientele in accordance with the college's non-discrimination policy: "Lansing Community College is an equal opportunity college. Discrimination on a basis of religion, race, color, national origin, age, sex, height, weight, marital status, handicap, sexual orientation, or any other category protected by law is prohibited."

I.B. Scope of the Collection  
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Emphasis is given to introductory works and to materials that present a general survey. Sources that are available in microform or by way of computer access may substitute for printed resources.

The Library attempts to encourage, foster and enable independent learning by meeting non-textbook needs of students, within the range of LCC instruction. Specific amounts of money are not allocated to particular curricula. In selecting materials the Library gives emphasis to current course-related publications and support of LCC student information needs. The Library relies on resources within the LCC service area and Interlibrary Loans to answer additional or non-curricular information requests from LCC faculty and students. The Library collection should reflect the cultural diversity and adult interest of the LCC student population. Materials to promote critical and creative thinking, and at various reading levels will be considered. The Library strives to provide a representation of standard works without attempting a complete collection in any LCC Program. Multiple copies are ordered only with careful evaluation of usage.

I.C. Responsibility  (monograph, series, and standing orders)
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Each Librarian, working with LCC students and faculty on a daily basis, is assigned liaison and selection responsibility with one or more of the LCC Program areas. These Librarians are responsible for systematically consulting with academic department faculty, and obtaining or reviewing relevant syllabi and course assignments to the extent that the syllabi and assignments disclose library-support needs. Librarians check new reviews, Books in Print plus with Book Reviews, journals, publishers' announcements, and current bibliographies of instructional support resources. Final decision regarding monograph selection and ordering is the responsibility of the Collection Development Coordinator.

Information collection is an intellectual activity. Access to information units that support, complement, or contradict each other is sought. Not all information is of equal value; professional Librarians accept the responsibility to differentiate, thinking critically regarding LCC intellectual inquiries and Lansing Community College's present and near future needs.

Selectors encourage LCC teaching faculty to

Make purchase recommendations.
Inform the Library of new or discontinued courses.
Furnish course syllabi.
Share copies of library-related assignments.
Provide general awareness of Program needs.

Selectors are familiar with current LCC Class Schedule books and the most recent Lansing Community College Catalog. Selectors regard current enrollment and Library usage statistics.

I.D. Controversial Material
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Recognizing the intellectual freedom role of libraries, 'freedom of expression' as guaranteed by the First Amendment and corollary 'freedom to read', LCC Librarians affirm our responsibility to collect materials with content representing various viewpoints on current issues without endorsement, restriction, or prejudice. Lansing Community College Library Information Services will make such ideas or opinions available to the LCC student body as resources permit.

An individual, when deeming material objectionable, may register a complaint by using a "Request for Reconsideration of Library Materials" -- Appendix A. This form, completed and signed by the complainant, is referred by the Library Director to the Collection Development Committee. The Committee is responsible for reviewing the material in question following current Collection Development objectives and selection criteria. To assist examination of the material the Committee may consult book reviews, other commentaries, and outside advice. The Committee returns its recommendation to the Director of Library Information Services. The complainant will receive a reply from the Director indicating the Library's position and action planned or taken.

The LIBRARY BILL OF RIGHTS of the American Library Association states in Article 1, "Materials should not be excluded because of the origin, background, or views of those contributing to their creation," and in Article 2, "Materials should not be proscribed or removed because of partisan or doctrinal disapproval" -- Appendix B. The Library does not remove challenged materials that meet Collection Development criteria.

I.D. Location of Library Material
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The LCC Library book collection, cataloged by way of OCLC (a library bibliographic utility), is divided by Library of Congress Classification. On campus the library is located within the TLC building.

Catalog Subject Headings comply with authority-controlled national standard Library of Congress Subject Headings.

The Library tries to avoid duplicating other learning resource materials variously housed on campus.

I.D. Area Resources
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LCC is in a wider community with abundantly varied library and information resources. Librarians consult the Lansing Area Library Information Guide for awareness of these additional resources and refer LCC Library users to them when appropriate.

II.A. Scope
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For a community college, a library closely aligned with the instructional programs of the college is preferred.

The general collections at LCC consist of books, audiovisual materials, indexed periodical publications, and access to electronic resources. The Reference Collections (printed and electronic) include indexes, dictionaries, encyclopedias, directories, handbooks, and similar materials selected to meet LCC client need for ready information. Online information services are available to supplement the on-site Reference Collections.

'"Reserve" enables limited copies of faculty-selected instructional materials to be available to LCC students in designated classes during a particular semester. Reserves are temporary holdings and are often not Library owned. See also "Prime Instructional Materials" (III. A. 8). Reserve status facilitates locating LCC instructor-assigned course-related materials. Instructors request limited time placement of Reserve materials.

Materials purchased with Library-allocated monies or accepted as gifts are processed and entered into the computerized library catalog and serials holding records. Purchasing from Library monies must be on a Library Information Services initiated "purchase order". Material invoiced to and purchased by other LCC Programs is accepted for inclusion in the LCC Library collection if the material meets the criteria outlined in this Collection Development statement. Occasionally materials of unusual expense may be purchased by jointly sharing the cost. LCC Instructional Programs have an allocated budget amount for "Instructional Materials". Library materials will be organized within the collection to be available to all LCC students and faculty according to customary library circulation procedures.
 

II.B. Guidelines for Selectors
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When suggesting material for addition to the Library, from reviews and so forth, Librarians consider the following:

1. Do the subject matter and scope of the material suit the purposes of the community college curriculum that it is intended to support? Will it serve student interests in more than one LCC curriculum? Will it circulate?

2. Prefer current materials at a general or introductory college level. When teaching faculty promote usage "classic" works may be considered, regardless of publication date. Does the treatment of the subject suit the needs of LCC students studying in that discipline? Is it an introductory work? Is it speculative? Is it scholarly, technical, or popular? Is it partial coverage or more complete? Is it contemporary or retrospective in nature?

3. Prefer indexed materials (when non-literary), promotion of thinking on current issues, and factual reputable handbooks or manuals. Based on reviews or publisher information, does this item present fact or opinion? What are the author's qualifications? What is the publication date? Is the work appropriately current in relation to its subject matter? What is the reputation of the publisher? Is this item based on primary or secondary sources, observation or research?

4. Provide materials on controversial issues for LCC student term paper needs. Based on reviews or publisher information, is this item "fair"? What is its point of view? Is it partisan or sectarian? Is it a contribution toward community values or citizenship? Does it show "unredeemable bias"? Does it challenge and promote critical thinking?

5. Seek balance in collection holdings relative to frequency of request, numbers of students enrolled in that LCC curriculum and present availability of similar information.

6. What elements of quality make this item among the best of its type for potential addition to the Library: degree of creativity, format suitable for the message, "freshness" in presentation?

7. Works that are representative of an author of current and lasting interest, or of a genre, may be selected in support of LCC literature studies. Give preference to study editions containing notes, when available, over standard editions. Give preference to anthologies of poetry, drama, and short stories over individual works. Usage is a major selection criterion, as in other LCC curricular areas. In selecting works of literature to support current LCC literature courses, does the item add to understanding personality, human nature, the human condition? Does the item represent the best of its author or genre?

8. Prefer conventional format items. Is the format (including introductory material, print, illustrations, indexing, paper, binding) of the item attractive? Are other similar publications available? Is this item particularly unusual in size?

9. Prefer lower cost items if available as substitute. Prefer paperback over hardback when the less expensive material satisfies LCC needs. Is the cost of the item reasonable compared to other items in the subject? Is there a reasonable cost-benefit relationship compared to potential usage?

10. Additional selection procedures for Periodicals - See Appendix E.

III.A. Collections or Services
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1. Career Information

 Selections for the Library's Career Collection are to provide information for LCC students on preparation for careers and career entry. Vocational guidance materials are located in the Career Collection. Give primary consideration to community college programs offered by LCC. Give limited consideration to information concerning post-secondary school programs not offered by LCC. Career information support is provided for displaced worker and career-change students enrolling at LCC.

Specific current job openings, placement information and career services are provided by other LCC offices, especially by Center for Employment Services.

General employment information supporting "Career Planning" and "Job Search Skills" classes is provided. Reference material presenting a Michigan occupational outlook is available as well as material presenting a national outlook. Select limited baccalaureate or post-baccalaureate career information for LCC transfer-oriented or career-changing students. Sources such as college catalogs and directories are provided to assist LCC students regarding college transfer.

2. Database Services

Consider an electronic-delivery information service (online or CD-ROM) based on its subject coverage, accessibility, and completeness. These services may be directories, indexes, full-text or full-image articles and documents, encyclopedias, and other subject-oriented reference sources. Information provided by the database should address LCC client needs. In the selection process use selection criteria such as user friendliness, with easy access to the information, as well as hardware requirements or compatibility, and interfacability with other LCC services. Give consideration to completeness of the material: citation, abstract, full-text or full-image formats. Specific guidelines for Electronic Information Resources -- Appendix G.

3. Easy Reading Browsing (ERB)

At this time, materials selected for ERB shall appeal to adult interests and are adult, rather than juvenile, in appearance. Materials scoring from level one through nine on the "FOG Grading Formula" are included. An exception is made for included works that have been produced by LCC adult reading and writing students using the "Language Experience Approach". Normally materials above these levels have been selected and integrated in the general Library collections. The LCC Reading Laboratory has additional reading support materials.

4. Government Documents

Depository collections are housed at other libraries in the immediate community. A very small number of government documents are selected, purchased, and integrated in the LCC Library. Both Michigan and Federal depository collections are located within blocks of the Lansing Community College campus. Consult the Lansing Area Library Information Guide.

5. Monographs Select monograph publications for the LCC Library in accordance with this Collection Development statement. Client concerns should be first directed to the Reference Librarian assigned as liaison and selector for the applicable Program. Use a "Library Materials Request (LMR)" form and the Book Recommendation procedure -- Appendix C.

6. Non-Print Materials

Audiovisual selection for the Library collection follows Collection Development principles and guidelines as stated. The purpose of nonprint materials in the Library is to provide collateral support to current LCC curricula and to accommodate varying learning styles. Consider compatibility with available hardware when choosing AV, nonprint, compact disc, recordings (spoken or music), or electronic information formats. Give special consideration to the format's appropriateness for LCC Library use or circulation. Library selectors will regard availability through LCC Media Services' Video Distribution and consult the Library Information Services - Media Services Videotape, Laserdisc and Film Catalog.

No discrimination by format is intended. The Library selects to be consistent with generally available listening-viewing equipment and meeting LCC instructional-course related Library needs. Additional Audiovisual Selection guidelines -- Appendix D.

Refer clients to special audiovisual collections within the Lansing area through use of the Lansing Area Library Information Guide when appropriate.

7. Periodicals

Subscriptions should represent a major aspect of the LCC curricula and meet LCC Library reference service needs. Periodicals selected for the LCC Library should be "indexed". Backfiles are maintained or acquired only for titles meeting these criteria. Selection guidelines for periodicals correspond to the guidelines for other Library materials. Specific Periodicals Collection procedures -- Appendix E.

8. "Prime Instructional Materials".

Print or nonprint materials which LCC instructors must have to meet their classroom and laboratory needs, or which are to become an ongoing part of programmed units of instruction, are outside the responsibility of the Library.

Required texts for an LCC course are to be purchased by students. The Library will provide materials needed by LCC students to extend and build upon the prime instructional material used in the classroom or laboratory. In science, technology, and other subject areas some "textbook-like" purchases (while avoiding the required textbook) may occur due to the nature of publishing in that subject.

LCC instructors are encouraged to temporarily place non-Library-owned prime instructional materials on "Reserve" as necessary. For example to accommodate student needs such as textbook unavailability at course commencement, student financial aid delayed, student on campus on a non-course day with unexpected study time available. Library staff emphasize and promote Reserve placement. See also "Scope" (II. A).

9. Reference Reference materials provide for quick access to specific information: "statistics, dictionaries, handbooks, encyclopedic materials, directories, selective subject bibliographies, indexes." Sources identified with one LCC curriculum are placed in the associated Arts & Sciences, Gannon-Vocational Technical, or Old Central Library location. A very small number of general reference sources may be duplicated at another LCC Library location if ongoing need exists. Until the upcoming consolidation of services is completed, selected frequently-revised general reference sources may be alternated between locations.

III.B. Gifts
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The Library accepts "gifts" when they meet existing Collection Development criteria for purchased materials. Unappraised gift receipt acknowledgment is issued upon request. "Rare" books are not accepted. A monetary appraisal or receipt that states cash value is not allowed. Refer gifts of money or unusual items through the Lansing Community College Foundation office. The Library remains free to dispose of unneeded materials. Gifts selected for inclusion in the collection are cataloged, processed, and made available to our clientele following national standard library procedures.

Refer individuals wishing to donate materials to the Collection Development Coordinator for book or monographic gifts, to the Periodicals Coordinator for subscriptions or retrospective periodical holdings, or to the Audiovisual Coordinator for AV material. Accept no gifts without the knowledge of the respective coordinator. During a semester break direct questions concerning gifts to the DCM (Database & Collection Maintenance) Supervisor.

Individuals coming in with up to six books can leave them with the Reference Librarian or Circulation Supervisor on duty. Send such books to the Collection Development Coordinator for evaluation. Periodical or Audiovisual coordinators handle those respective materials. When the Library accepts gifts such items become the property of LCC Library Information Services. Gift materials are integrated into the collection applying the principles of the existing Collection Development statement. Deliver gifts to DCM for processing and cataloging before placement in the libraries. Notify DCM before delivery of such materials.

III.C. Removal of Materials  ('Weeding')
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Remove obsolete materials to maintain a quality, current collection best meeting the needs of today's LCC students. Criteria for removal correspond to "Guidelines for Selectors" (II. B). Unused materials must be removed from the collections if the topic is otherwise represented. Newer editions replace superseded editions. Specific procedures apply to Periodicals -- Appendix E. General Materials Weeding guidelines -- Appendix F.

Appendix A:  Request for Reconsideration
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Library users who would like the staff the reconsider the inclusion of an item in the library's collection should complete a Request for Reconsideration of Library Materials form, available at the reference desk, TLC Building second floor.

Appendix B:  Library Bill of Rights
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The American Library Association affirms that all libraries are forums for information and ideas, and that the following basic policies should guide their services.

1. Books and other library resources should be provided for the interest, information, and enlightenment of all people of the community that the library serves. Materials should not be
excluded because of the origin, background, or views of those contributing to their creation.

2. Libraries should provide materials and information presenting all points of view on current and historical issues. Materials should not be proscribed or removed because of partisan or
doctrinal disapproval.

3. Libraries should challenge censorship in the fulfillment of their responsibility to provide information and enlightenment.

4. Libraries should cooperate with all persons and groups concerned with resisting abridgment of free expression and free access to ideas.

5. A person's right to use a library should not be denied or abridged because of origin, age, background, or views.

6. Libraries which make exhibit spaces and meeting rooms available to the public they serve should make such facilities available on an equitable basis, regardless of the beliefs or
affiliations of individuals or groups requesting their use.

Adopted June 18, 1948 (Amended February 2, 1961, June 27, 1967, and January 23, 1980,
by the ALA Council.)

Appendix C:  Book Recommendation
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1. To recommend an item for Library purchase use a "Library Materials Request Form". Include title, author, publisher, date, price, ISBN or LCCN as provided in the review or announcement. Check requested items against the LCC Library Catalog. If the
requested book is more than two (2) years old verify availability in the current Books in Print plus with Book Reviews. Be alert for a possible recent paperback edition. If readily available to the selector, useful ordering information such as an OCLC number may be entered on the form. It is not necessary to check against or verify on OCLC.

2. A single copy of a title is usually sufficient for student needs. A duplicate copy may be requested when a particular item has circulated frequently (for example several times in a year). An initial order of two (2) copies may be placed for titles in very high demand topics with limited materials written or available addressing the subject.

3. Paperback editions are ordered by DCM unless specific request is made for a hardback. Notification slips often offer hardback ISBN and price when a paperback may also be available. DCM is instructed to search first by title.

4. Worn out, missing, or lost & paid items may be replaced if they are still considered standard works meeting current LCC Library needs and are currently in Books in Print plus with Book Reviews.

5. Required texts (for student purchase), "consumable" workbooks, books with perforated pages, and current "popular" fiction, generally are not purchased by the LCC Library. Exceptional circumstances should be specified on the Library Materials Request form.

6. The cancellation of purchase requests due to a jobber (wholesaler) response, or lack of a response, does not infer a judgment of value for inclusion in the LCC collection. Orders with our wholesaler are canceled after a six (6) month non-fulfillment period.

7. When an instructor is requesting an item, include the instructor's name along with the Librarian liaison's initials under "Requested By" on the request form.

8. Use notification to faculty, by way of the Library Materials Request form, on these occasions:
A faculty member has specifically requested a book
It is verified with a specific faculty member that they want selective notification in a 'hot' current topic.

DCM (Database & Collection Maintenance) Priorities

Ordering:

Priority 1 -- This priority is used for "Reserves." Such requests are purchased immediately.
Priority 2 -- These materials are purchased in as timely a manner as budget considerations and work flow allow.
Priority 3 -- Supplemental materials that are purchased after "twos" have been ordered.

Processing:

Priority 1 -- Reserve reading and "reference" materials are expeditiously processed upon
receipt.
Priority 2 & 3 -- These materials are processed shortly after receipt, as DCM work flow permits.

Availability for Checkout

• Place a Materials Hold Request. This service will be automatically available in the INNOPAC system.
  

• Allow 10 to 14 working days after "cataloging date (LAD)" for the materials to become available at the respective LCC Library locations.
  

• In an "emergency" situation, check with DCM to determine the status of an "On Order" or "In-Processing" item.
  

• Always check out materials through the automated circulation system.

Appendix D:  Audiovisual Selection
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Library AV Materials policy for " Non-Print Materials" (III. A. 6):

Refer inquiries and requests to the Audiovisual Coordinator. Recommendations for purchase of materials are accepted for consideration from instructors, from other LCC Librarians, and LCC students. The "Library Materials Request" (LMR) form may be used.

Guidelines to Facilitate Selection:

1. Reviews are consulted from such sources as Library Journal, Choice, Publishers' Weekly, Quality Books' non-print notification cards, and "recommended holdings" lists appearing in academic or popular literature.

2. Refer film and laserdisc requests to LCC AV-Media Services. With videocassette requests check the current Library Information Services - Media Services Videotape, Laserdisc and Film Catalog.

3. At the present time, three formats are being selected:

• Cassette Tapes -- books on tape (abridged or unabridged), dramatizations, lectures, panel discussions.
  

• VHS Videotapes & DVDs -- mostly documentary or instructional in nature; feature films only when directly supportive of a current course.
  

• Music CDs -- evenly divided between classical and popular, and representative of established musical genres. No attempt is made to keep up with the "latest on the charts".

4. If possible, the Library AV budget is evenly divided among the stated three major formats. Instructors recommending titles significantly more costly than the average may be referred instead to LCC AV Services or to the LCC Media department. In addition, Instructional Programs or Departments on campus have their own budget amounts for the purchase of
instructional materials that may then be housed by Library or Media Services.

Appendix E:  Periodicals Collection
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I. INTRODUCTION

A. This document outlines LCC Library Policy and Procedures regarding selection, acquisition,
maintenance, and deselection of periodical resources. (Lansing Community College subscribes to many periodicals that are not Library subscriptions.)

B. The Library accepts request (suggesting a new title, suggesting a title to drop, change in retention, change in location) from LCC employees and students or others from the college community.

II. CONSIDERATION OF NEW TITLES

A. Request form

1. The "Periodical Request" form should be filled out for each new title being suggested. Please inquire at the Reference Desk on the main floor of the library for a copy of this form.
2. With the assistance of a LIS staff member, a requester should document their reason for
suggesting the new subscription.
3. LIS staff members assisting requesters or initiating requests complete as much of the
form as possible and locate and attach a review, if available.
4. Send completed form, with a sample issue and review, to the Periodicals Coordinator. Obtain sample issue from person making request, or from the publisher through Database & Collection Maintenance (DCM).
5. Coordinator checks for current subscription price and verifies that form is
complete.

B. Routing the request

1. Periodicals Coordinator routes form, review, and sample issue to Reference staff for comment. A request may be held until a sample issue is available.
2. Once the form completes routing, the Coordinator sends request to the Library Director with summary recommendation based on staff comments and established Periodicals Collection criteria.
3. Library Director returns form to the Coordinator with final decision. Coordinator notifies the requester, LIS staff member assisting requester, and DCM.

C. Criteria

1. The periodical represents a major subject area of current LCC curricula (supports an existing or planned program) or meets LCC Library reference needs.
2. The periodical is indexed in a source available to and accessed by clientele of the LCC Library. Consider an unindexed periodical only if it supports specific curricular needs and similar indexed resources are not available for subscription or are not already found at LCC.
3. Prefer subscription to periodicals at the community college student level, or requested by LCC employee for college-wide or cross-discipline purposes.
4. The periodical does not duplicate IAC (Information Access Corporation) Collection titles, unless serving other LCC Library "reference" needs.
5. The periodical received favorable reviews and is reasonably priced in relation to the amount of usage that is anticipated.
6. Even if available at other Lansing area libraries the periodical may be considered for subscription when it meets these criteria.
7. When a periodical is electronically available, consider for on-site subscription only if it meets these criteria and requests from LCC clientele for Librarian online article retrieval have been substantial.

III. ACQUISITION OF NEW TITLES

A. Periodicals Coordinator

1. After Library Director's subscription approval a copy of the Periodical Request is submitted to DCM.
2. Coordinator notifies the requester, and LIS staff member assisting the requester, concerning subscription approval. Requester receives additional notification when the title
is newly available at the LCC Library.

B. CS (Collection Services)

1. CS receives approved Periodical Request from Periodicals Coordinator.
2. CS places a subscription order through LCC's periodical jobber, to begin with the next renewal time (Sept. or Jan.)
3. Subscription titles unavailable through the jobber are ordered from publisher.

IV. PROCESSING NEW TITLES

A. CS processes the title (location, retention, subject) as recommended on the Periodical Request.

B. Refer requests for "display" of a title to the Serials Committee.

C. Add newly received subscription titles to:

1. Serials Check-in System
2. OCLC
3. LCC Library Catalog
4. Macintosh database
5. LCC Periodical List (manually update if necessary)
D. CS notifies Periodicals Coordinator that a new title has arrived.

E. Coordinator notifies requester and LIS staff member assisting requester that the title has arrived.

V. PROMOTION

A. LCC Library client suggesting a new subscription and the Library staff member assisting request receive notification from the Periodicals Coordinator upon title arrival.

B. Coordinator periodically notifies Library staff regarding new subscriptions.

C. LCC Library publications promote the use of periodicals, and use of specific periodical titles, as opportunity arises.

D. Display of periodicals

1. Current issues of specified titles are displayed at the TLC locations.

2. Purpose of display periodicals:
promote use of unindexed titles, provide easy access to a "basic" collection, promote curriculum support, promote commitment to diversity, provide access to "popular" periodicals.

3. Display criteria:
display unindexed periodical to promote usage, display periodical representing a curriculum
or program, display periodical representing diversity or alternative point of view, display periodical that has wide LCC client appeal.

4. Defacement of displayed periodical:

a.  Remove defaced issue from display shelves. File defaced issue in appropriate box in the
Periodicals Collection; it remains available to LCC  Library clientele. Hold the display space
and label for next issue.
b.  After two successive defacements remove the publication from "display" for the remainder of the semester.
c.  Hold the display space and label; Serials Comm review defaced periodical title to determine cont. "on display".

5. Each Summer Session the Serials Committee reviews "display" of periodicals.

VI. RETENTION

A. Base retention on indexing and physical format of the subscription.

B. Guidelines for retention

1. Current issue:
Newspaper subscriptions - retain current issues (which have microfilm subscription)
until receipt of microfilm.

2. Current & previous month:
Newspaper subscriptions - discard newspapers (when not receiving microfilm) after current & previous month.

3. Current & previous year:
a. Keep periodicals that are not indexed in a source accessible by LCC clientele at the LCC
Library for current & previous year.
b. Generally retain indexed periodicals for which the Library receives microfilm for current &
previous year.
c. Retain indexed periodicals in "newspaper format" (maintenance difficulty), but for which Library does not receive microfilm, for current & previous year.

4. Current five years:
Indexed periodicals - when their LCC print or electronic indexes are retained or provide
coverage for approximately five years.

5. Current ten years:
Indexed periodicals - when their LCC print or electronic indexes are retained or provide
coverage for approximately ten years.

6. Open-ended holdings:
a.  Periodicals providing curriculum-related (freshman or sophomore level) material  college-wide support, such as community college and higher education information, some historical
background exceptional visual documentation.
b. Periodicals in this category are indexed LCC print or electronic indexing covers the time for which the publication is available at LCC.
c. Generally microfilm holdings are in this category.

7. Closed holdings:
a. Ceased publications are in this category.
b. Periodicals with Library-dropped subscription are in this category.
c. Retain periodicals in this category if LCC available indexing provides coverage and
usage warrants.
d. Generally this category is microfilm.

C. Request a change in retention by using the Periodical Request form.

VII. GIFTS

A. Refer individuals wishing to donate a gift subscription or retrospective issues to the Periodicals Coordinator. Accept no periodical gifts without referral to Periodicals
Coordinator.

B. "Gift" periodicals are subject to the same selection criteria and "request form" routing procedure as other titles.

C. Deliver approved gift subscriptions or backfiles to DCM for processing before placing in the collection.

D. When the Library accepts a gift subscription or retrospective issues, these items become the propertyof LCC Library Information Services.

VIII. DUPLICATE SUBSCRIPTIONS

A. General LCC Library policy is no duplicate subscriptions.

B. Make exception to this policy only when excessive demand continues over a period of time. Examples of potential duplicate subscription are major news magazines or local newspapers.

IX. MICROFILM SUBSCRIPTIONS

A. The Library subscribes to microfilm as long as print or electronic indexes are available for that title and are readily accessible by clientele of the LCC Library.

B. The LCC Library will not duplicate any microfilm subscription.

C. Periodicals with difficult storage and maintenance format, and those for historical research, are candidates for microfilm subscription providing they remain indexed at LCC.

X. DESELECTION (weeding)

A. Generally, consider "drop" titles on a one-by-one basis.

B. Request form

1. Use a separate Periodical Request for each title considered for deselection.
2. With assistance of a LIS staff member, a requester should thoroughly document their
reason for suggesting a periodical deselection. See also Request for Reconsideration -- Attachment A.
3. LIS staff member assisting requester or initiating a "drop" request complete as much
of the form as possible.
4. Send a completed Periodical Request and a sample issue from the collection to
Periodicals Coordinator.
5. Coordinator checks for current subscription price and verifies completeness
of the "drop" request.

C. Routing the request

1. Coordinator routes drop request form and sample issue to Reference staff soliciting
their comment.
2. Upon completing routing, the Coordinator forwards drop request to Library Director
with a summary recommendation based on Reference staff comment.
3. Library Director returns drop request form to Periodicals Coordinator with final decision. Coordinator notifies the requester, LIS staff member assisting requester, and DCM.

D. Reference staff review a portion of the Periodicals Collection, or perhaps the entire collection, as may become necessary. Reviews of this type may result in deselection and weeding of a number of titles at one time.

XI. ROUTING OF PERIODICALS

A. CS is responsible for routing periodicals among LIS staff.

B. Each Fall Semester CS surveys staff to determine which "library related" titles they would like routed to them. Staff choose below a designated maximum.

C. Periodical titles "displayed" in the Library are not eligible for routing.

D. CS monitors the routing process. Staff consistently delaying the process may be asked to forfeit this service.

E. CS suspends routing during long LCC break periods.

F. Last person on the list returns routed periodical to CS. CS then sends the issue to designated Library location for filing.

XII. COLLECTION MAINTENANCE

A. Processing

1. All periodicals are processed through CS.
2. Processed periodicals are sent to Circulation daily.
3. Circulation staff display or file in the periodical stacks.

B. Display

1. The Serials Committee determines those titles that are "displayed."
2. CS notifies Circulation when changes in "display" of titles have been decided.
3. CS supplies Circulation with display labels.

C. Stacks

1. CS provides Circulation with Periodicals Collection box labels.
2. Physical maintenance and inventory of the Periodicals Collection, and questions that clients or Library staff present regarding maintenance and inventory, are the responsibility of Circulation.
3. Circulation staff direct concerns that they are unable to address regarding maintenance and inventory to CS or to the Periodicals Coordinator. The Serials Committee may consider these concerns for resolution.

D. Ceased Publications

1. CS notifies Periodicals Coordinator and Circulation staff when a title has "ceased" publication.
2. Coordinator notifies Library staff concerning ceased titles.
3. If the ceased publication is a "display" title CS notifies Circulation to remove the display
label. CS updates the title's magazine box, as necessary.
4. CS updates pertinent records.

E. Suspended Publications

1. CS notifies Periodicals Coordinator and Circulation staff when a title has suspended
publication.
2. Coordinator notifies Library staff concerning suspended publications.
3. If the suspended publication is a "display" title CS notifies Circulation to remove the display label. CS updates suspended title's magazine box, as necessary.
4. CS monitors suspended title's status for one year. If that title does not resume publication within one year, CS cancels the subscription from the Library's periodical jobber and updates pertinent records.
5. CS notifies Coordinator and Circulation staff concerning the final status of suspended publications.

6. Once a subscription cancels due to suspended publication, reinstatement of the
print or microfilm subscription is not automatic. For reinstatement, that title should
go through the "consideration of new title" process.

F. Discards

1. Discard periodicals, with scheduled "retention" weeding, at the end of each calendar year. Discard periodicals, chosen through special deselection or weeding projects, during LCC break periods.
2. Circulation is notified by CS of those holdings that need to be discarded and receives any special instructions.
3. Circulation is responsible for physical removal of print or microfilm discards.
4. CS notifies Circulation staff which titles are "saved" for LCC employees after pulling for discard, at the end of a calendar year. Circulation staff notify such LCC employees as to where and when they may retrieve discarded periodicals.

G. Transfers

1. Circulation is notified by CS of those holdings that need to be transferred and receives any special instructions.
2. Circulation is responsible for physical transfer of print or microfilm holdings.
3. CS provides Circulation with box labels for transferred periodicals.

Appendix F:  Materials Weeding
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LCC Library is Curricula Based:

Lansing Community College Library Information Services will remove obsolete materials to maintain a quality and current collection best meeting the needs of currently enrolled LCC
students. To keep the collection up to date Librarians will remove older materials that no longer contain current information and duplicate copies of once popular items where demand has diminished. A purpose of the LCC Library is to have books that students use. If shelves have become crowded and shifting potential remains limited, are all the present books in the topic currently serving LCC needs? Materials taking space that ought to be used more profitably are subject to re-evaluation and weeding when warranted. Replace titles withdrawn due to physical condition, loss, or damage, if they meet current selection criteria and are in Books in Print plus with Book Reviews.

Weeding, an ongoing part of Collection Development work, is a regular responsibility of each Reference Librarian in areas where they are Selector & Liaison. Other areas may be agreed upon from time to time with the Collection Development Coordinator.

Criteria for removal correspond to the "Guidelines for Selectors" (II. B). Current principles for deselection are essentially the same as for selection. Procedure is the deselector places a self-stick red dot on the "spine" call-number label signaling the item is a candidate for withdrawal from the collection at a later time. DCM (Database & Collection Maintenance) will call for the red-dotted items to be pulled by Circulation.

Weed an item when it is not wanted by LCC clientele. If someone wants items from the collection these items should not, therefore, be weeded. Such desire for the material indicates apparent continued usefulness for LCC.

Remove unused materials from the general collection when the topic is otherwise adequately represented. Systematic discarding is important to keep the collection alive. Predominantly older less attractive books that just sit on the shelves may divert clientele away from more currently useful materials. Re-evaluate materials continuously when selecting new or replacement materials. Weed obsolete materials. Newer editions replace superseded editions. When possible, place a "red dot" on superseded non-reference materials.

Different types of libraries will retain different materials. In awareness of this, and with encouragement, resource sharing in the LCC service area shall continue. Refer LCC clients to scholarly and historical depositories as necessary. Use LCC's comprehensive "reference" sources for coverage of many specific information requests. Use available periodical publications and electronic delivery of information for current data.

Guidelines for Deselectors

Consider the following when suggesting material for deletion from the Library:

1. Check the current Lansing Community College Catalog. Do the subject matter and scope of the material suit the purpose of the LCC curriculum currently being supported?

2. Be aware of recent reading-level test results, LCC student profile, etc., when this information is shared. Does the treatment of the subject suit the needs of LCC students studying in the discipline? Does the item serve student interests in more than one LCC curriculum? Be aware of current LCC enrollment trends. Freshmen-Sophomore students find introductory works, surveys of the topic, study guides, handbooks, manuals, to be very useful. Is the item a partial or more extensive coverage? LCC Library clientele look for very specific information material that is often found within more encyclopedic sources. Is the item speculative?
Is it contemporary or retrospective in nature? Historical coverage of a subject is in relatively lesser demand. What emphasis occurs in the curricular areas that the item supports?
Is the item a scholarly, technical, or popular work? While instructors seem to want LCC student use of research level materials, Library Information Services Librarians must continue an awareness of student readiness in introductory level courses.

3. What is the original publication date; if revised, how extensively? What is the reputation of the publisher? What are the author's qualifications? Does the item under consideration have an index? Does the item draw on primary or secondary sources? Is the information based on observation or research?

4. Does the item contribute to pro and con interpretations of current issues? Is the point of view partisan or sectarian? Does it present fact or opinion? Does it show unredeemable bias? Is it a contribution to community values, citizenship, cultural diversity? Does it challenge and promote critical thinking skills?

5. What elements of quality identify the item as among the best of its type, for retention in the LCC Library? What degree of creativity is represented? Is there a freshness in the presentation? Is the material aimed at community college students and adult amateurs? Is the format of the material suitable for the message? What is the quality of illustration? Are there more appropriate similar publications in the LCC Library collection?

6. Is the physical format (introductory material, print, indexing, paper quality, binding) of the item attractive? Is it unusual in size? Are standard format items available that may effectively substitute?

7. In weeding works of literature, does the item add to an understanding of cultural diversity, personality, human nature, and the human condition? Retain works that are representative of an author or of a genre of current and lasting interest. Retain works of minority authors. Is the
item among the best in representing its author or genre? When available, give preference to study editions containing notes. Give preference to anthologies of poetry, drama, etc., over
individual works. As in other curricular areas, non-usage is a criterion for consideration when weeding.

Procedure:

1. Physical presence --
Check the physical condition of the material. Is the cataloging adequate? Does the Library own a newer edition? Check for other works by the same author. Check the quantity of other works in the same subject headings.

2. Usage --
Check the acquisition date (this appears in various forms in the book). "Last activity dates" (LAD) appear in the catalog for the input or updating of a bibliographic record and again for the
inputting or updating of an item record. Check the last date of circulation. Consider weeding an item if it has not circulated in ten years When possible, check frequency of recent circulation. If
duplicates are present, consider frequency of circulation among the duplicate items. Be aware of usage within the classification area where the item is shelved. If the work is now out-of-date, individual item usage might be disregarded.

3. Networking --
Keep in mind that LCC is but part of a network of resources. Be ever ready to refer to other library and information services in the LCC area. Additional developments in electronic "document delivery" and automated information services will have an impact on materials retention. Be familiar with and ready to use Interlibrary Loan procedure.

Appendix G:  Electronic Information Resources
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This is the Electronic Information Resources policy for "Database Services" (III. A. 2)

Electronic information resources include CD-ROM, online, network and Internet formats. This is electronic access and delivery of library subscribed information to an LCC Library user. Electronic resources may be directories, indexes, full text-image articles or documents, encyclopedias, and other subject-oriented reference sources.

Recommendations for purchase of electronic resources areaccepted for consideration from LCC employees and students.

1. One "Electronic Information Resources Request Form" should be filled out for each suggested title. Please inquire at the Reference Desk on the main floor of the library for a copy of this form.

2. A requester, with the assistance of LIS staff member, should document their reason
for suggesting the electronic format information.

3. LIS staff member assisting requester or initiating a request will complete as much of
the form as possible. Please locate and attach vendor brochure literature or a review
of product being requested.

4. Send completed form to the Electronic Information Services Coordinator with as much information about the request as possible.

5. The form is routed following the same procedure as a "Periodical Request" form
(App. E. II. B)

Guidelines to Facilitate Selection:

Follow Collection Development Guidelines for Selectors (II. B. 1-9).

Along with criteria mentioned in Collection Development Database Services(III. A. 2) consider:

Does the product duplicate current print sources or other electronic subscriptions?
Are access points improved over the print or comparable product?
Does usage of the print source merit additional access points?
Does the product provide information resources not currently available?
Is the same product available from different vendors?
Is the updating frequency sufficient?
Are ongoing subscription and maintenance costs reasonable when compared to the cost of comparable print or other electronic resources?
What is the reputation of the vendor & producer?